Amazon tree dominance across forest strata

Resumo

The forests of Amazonia are among the most biodiverse plant communities on Earth. Given the immediate threats posed by climate and land-use change, an improved understanding of how this extraordinary biodiversity is spatially organized is urgently required to develop effective conservation strategies. Most Amazonian tree species are extremely rare but a few are common across the region. Indeed, just 227 hyperdominant species account for >50 {%} of all individuals >10 cm diameter at 1.3 m in height. Yet, the degree to which the phenomenon of hyperdominance is sensitive to tree size, the extent to which the composition of dominant species changes with size class and how evolutionary history constrains tree hyperdominance, all remain unknown. Here, we use a large floristic dataset to show that, while hyperdominance is a universal phenomenon across forest strata, different species dominate the forest understory, midstory and canopy. We further find that, although species belonging to a range of phylogenetically dispersed lineages have become hyperdominant in small size classes, hyperdominants in large size classes are restricted to a few lineages. Our results demonstrate that it is essential to consider all forest strata to understand regional patterns of dominance and composition in Amazonia. More generally, through the lens of 654 hyperdominant species, we outline a tractable pathway for understanding the functioning of half of Amazonian forests across vertical strata and geographical locations.

Citação

Draper FC, Costa FRC, Arellano G, Phillips OL, Duque A, Macía MJ, Steege Ht, Asner GP, Berenguer E, Schietti J, Socolar JB, Souza FCd, Dexter KG, Jørgensen PM, Tello JS, Magnusson WE, Baker TR, Castilho CV, Monteagudo-Mendoza A, Fine PVA, Ruokolainen K, Coronado ENH, Aymard G, Dávila N, Sáenz MS, Paredes MAR, Engel J, Fortunel C, Paine CET, Goret J, Dourdain A, Petronelli P, Allie E, Andino JEG, Brienen RJ, Pérez LC, Ângelo, Manzatto G, Zambrana NYP, Molino J, Sabatier D, Chave J, Fauset S, Villacorta RG, Réjou-Méchain M, Berry PE, Melgaço K, Feldpausch TR, Sandoval EV, Martinez RV, Mesones I, Junqueira AB, Roucoux KH, Toledo JJd, Andrade AC, Camargo JL, Pasquel JdA, Santana FD, Laurance WF, Laurence SG, Lovejoy TE, Comiskey JA, Galbraith DR, Kalamandeen M, Aguilar GEN, Arenas JV, Guerra CAA, Flores M, Llampazo GF, Montenegro LAT, Gomez RZ, Pansonato MP, Moscoso VC, Vleminckx J, Barrantes OJV, Duivenvoorden JF, Sousa SAd, Arroyo L, Perdiz RO, Cravo JS, Marimon BS, Junior BHM, Carvalho FA, Damasco G, Disney M, Vital MS, Diaz PRS, Vicentini A, Nascimento H, Higuchi N, Andel TV, Malhi Y, Ribeiro SC, Terborgh JW, Thomas RS, Dallmeier F, Prieto A, Hilário RR, Salomão RP, Silva RdC, Casas LF, Vieira ICG, Araujo-Murakami A, Arevalo FR, Ramírez-Angulo H, Torre EV, Peñuela-Mora MC, Killeen TJ, Pardo G, Jimenez-Rojas E, Castro W, Cabrera DG, Pipoly J, Sousa TRd, Silvera M, Vos V, Neill D, Vargas PN, Vela DM, Aragão LE, Umetsu RK, Sierra R, Wang O, Young KR, Prestes NC, Massi KG, Huaymacari JR, Gutierrez GAP, Aldana AM, Alexiades MN, Baccaro F, Céron C, Muelbert AE, Rios JMG, Lima AS, Lloyd JL, Pitman NC, Gamarra LV, Oroche CJC, Fuentes AF, Palacios W, Patiño S, Torres-Lezama A, Baraloto C (2021). “Amazon tree dominance across forest strata.” Nature Ecology and Evolution, 5(6), 757-767. doi: 10.1038/s41559-021-01418-y (URL: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-021-01418-y).

Formato .bib:

@Article{Draperetal2021,
  author = {Frederick C. Draper and Flavia R. C. Costa and Gabriel Arellano and Oliver L. Phillips and Alvaro Duque and Manuel J. Macía and Hans ter Steege and Gregory P. Asner and Erika Berenguer and Juliana Schietti and Jacob B. Socolar and Fernanda Coelho de Souza and Kyle G. Dexter and Peter M. Jørgensen and J. Sebastian Tello and William E. Magnusson and Timothy R. Baker and Carolina V. Castilho and Abel Monteagudo-Mendoza and Paul V. A. Fine and Kalle Ruokolainen and Euridice N. Honorio Coronado and Gerardo Aymard and Nállarett Dávila and Mauricio Sánchez Sáenz and Marcos A. Rios Paredes and Julien Engel and Claire Fortunel and C. E. Timothy Paine and Jean-Yves Goret and Aurelie Dourdain and Pascal Petronelli and Elodie Allie and Juan E. Guevara Andino and Roel J.W. Brienen and Leslie Cayola Pérez and {Ângelo} and G. Manzatto and Narel Y. Paniagua Zambrana and Jean-François Molino and Daniel Sabatier and Jerôme Chave and Sophie Fauset and Roosevelt Garcia Villacorta and Maxime Réjou-Méchain and Paul E. Berry and Karina Melgaço and Ted R. Feldpausch and Elvis Valderamma Sandoval and Rodolfo Vasquez Martinez and Italo Mesones and André B. Junqueira and Katherine H. Roucoux and José J. de Toledo and Ana C. Andrade and José Luís Camargo and Jhon del Aguila Pasquel and Flávia D. Santana and William F. Laurance and Susan G. Laurence and Thomas E. Lovejoy and James A. Comiskey and David R. Galbraith and Michelle Kalamandeen and Gilberto E. Navarro Aguilar and Jim Vega Arenas and Carlos A. Amasifuen Guerra and Manuel Flores and Gerardo Flores Llampazo and Luis A. Torres Montenegro and Ricardo Zarate Gomez and Marcelo P. Pansonato and Victor Chama Moscoso and Jason Vleminckx and Oscar J Valverde Barrantes and Joost F. Duivenvoorden and Sidney Araújo de Sousa and Luzmila Arroyo and Ricardo O. Perdiz and Jessica Soares Cravo and Beatriz S. Marimon and Ben Hur Marimon Junior and Fernanda Antunes Carvalho and Gabriel Damasco and Mathias Disney and Marcos Salgado Vital and Pablo R. Stevenson Diaz and Alberto Vicentini and Henrique Nascimento and Niro Higuchi and Tinde Van Andel and Yadvinder Malhi and Sabina Cerruto Ribeiro and John W. Terborgh and Raquel S. Thomas and Francisco Dallmeier and Adriana Prieto and Renato R. Hilário and Rafael P. Salomão and Richarlly da Costa Silva and Luisa F. Casas and Ima C. Guimarães Vieira and Alejandro Araujo-Murakami and Fredy Ramirez Arevalo and Hirma Ramírez-Angulo and Emilio Vilanova Torre and Maria C. Peñuela-Mora and Timothy J. Killeen and Guido Pardo and Eliana Jimenez-Rojas and Wenderson Castro and Darcy Galiano Cabrera and John Pipoly and Thaiane Rodrigues de Sousa and Marcos Silvera and Vincent Vos and David Neill and Percy Núñez Vargas and Dilys M. Vela and Luiz E.O.C Aragão and Ricardo Keichi Umetsu and Rodrigo Sierra and Ophelia Wang and Kenneth R. Young and Nayane C.C.S. Prestes and Klécia G. Massi and José Reyna Huaymacari and Germaine A. Parada Gutierrez and Ana M. Aldana and Miguel N. Alexiades and Fabrício Baccaro and Carlos Céron and Adriane Esquivel Muelbert and Julio M. Grandez Rios and Antonio S. Lima and Jonathan L. Lloyd and Nigel C.A. Pitman and Luis Valenzuela Gamarra and Cesar J. Cordova Oroche and Alfredo F. Fuentes and Walter Palacios and Sandra Patiño and Armando Torres-Lezama and Christopher Baraloto},
  title = {{Amazon tree dominance across forest strata}},
  journal = {Nature Ecology and Evolution},
  year = {2021},
  volume = {5},
  number = {6},
  pages = {757--767},
  abstract = {The forests of Amazonia are among the most biodiverse plant communities on Earth. Given the immediate threats posed by climate and land-use change, an improved understanding of how this extraordinary biodiversity is spatially organized is urgently required to develop effective conservation strategies. Most Amazonian tree species are extremely rare but a few are common across the region. Indeed, just 227 ‘hyperdominant’species account for >50{\%} of all individuals >10 cm diameter at 1.3 m in height. Yet, the degree to which the phenomenon of hyperdominance is sensitive to tree size, the extent to which the composition of dominant species changes with size class and how evolutionary history constrains tree hyperdominance, all remain unknown. Here, we use a large floristic dataset to show that, while hyperdominance is a universal phenomenon across forest strata, different species dominate the forest understory, midstory and canopy. We further find that, although species belonging to a range of phylogenetically dispersed lineages have become hyperdominant in small size classes, hyperdominants in large size classes are restricted to a few lineages. Our results demonstrate that it is essential to consider all forest strata to understand regional patterns of dominance and composition in Amazonia. More generally, through the lens of 654 hyperdominant species, we outline a tractable pathway for understanding the functioning of half of Amazonian forests across vertical strata and geographical locations.},
  doi = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-021-01418-y},
}